Equivalent Fractions

Fractions are simply equal pieces of something. Any object can be broken into equal pieces - even thousands or millions!

   3=Numerator==Part of whole
   4=Denominator==Whole

Equivalent Fractions have the same value, even though they may look different.

These fractions are really the same:

1/2  =  2/4  =  4/8

Why are they the same? Because when you multiply or divide both the top and bottom by the same number, the fraction keeps it's value.

Here is why those fractions are really the same:

       x2     x2
1/2 = 2/4 = 4/8

      x2      x2

3 ways to find equivalent fractions:

1. Model 

2.  Multiply    

   x2     x2
1/2 = 2/4 = 4/8

      x2      x2

What ever you do to the numerator...You do to the denominator.

3. Divide

(simplest form)

(reduce)

   divide by 2     
4/8 = 2/4 = 1/2

     divide by 2

What ever you do to the numerator...You do to the denominator.

Soil

• Mineral - a solid object formed in nature that has never been alive; they are identified by their hardness, color, and shape
• Rock - a hard object made of one or more minerals; these make up the majority of the Earth
• Soil - the loose material in which plants can grow in the upper layer of Earth
• made of weathered rock which contains minerals, humus, and water and air pockets
• Humus - a part of soil made up of decayed parts of once-living things; it is dark and soft and contains much of what plants need to grow
• Layers of Soil
• Topsoil - the top layer made of the smallest grains and containing the most humus
• Subsoil - layer under topsoil that is made of larger grains and some humus
• Bedrock - solid rock under soil; weathering breaks this down into soil
• Bedrock will be made of different minerals depending on where it is and this will affect what minerals are in the soil

• Different Types of Soil
• Clay soil - small grains, holds water and becomes sticky, dries up into hard clods that can be broken into powder
• Sandy soil - large grains, large spaces for water to easily pass through, less humus than others
• Loam - a type of topsoil that contains a lot of humus, water, and air which makes it ideal for growing plants
• Soil is an important resource, or material that is found in nature that living things use 
• Soil is used to grow food, and is held in place by the roots of plants 
• Many things humans do harms soil (i.e., cutting down too many trees without replanting)
• Soil Conservation
• Conservation - saving resources by using them carefully
• Strip Cropping - planting strips of thick grass or clover between strips of crops; this helps keep water in the soil and keeps the soil from being washed away
• Contour Plowing - planting rows of crops around the sides of hills instead of up and down; this keeps water from running off in straight lines, so the soil won't be washed away

The soil is washed away because there are not enough roots to keep it in place when heavy rain comes.

Strip Cropping used to produce more crops and prevent soil erosion

Contour Plowing keeps water from flowing down in straight lines and carrying away the soil.

What is Time? What is Time Intervals? Elapsed Time?

What is time?

Time is what is happening and how long it takes to do something.


How do we tell time?
  clock                                    calendar


Small Units of Time:
seconds
minutes
hours

Big Units of Time:
days
weeks
months
years


A.M  = At Morning                       P.M.  =  Past Morning


Days of the Week:  
Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday

Months of the Year:
January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December 

Unit Conversion:

60 seconds = 1 minute

60 minutes = 1 hour

24 hours = 1 day

7 days = 1 week

1 month = about 4 weeks

1 year = 52 weeks, 12 months

and 365 days

1 decade = 10 years

1 century = 100 years

1 millennium = 1000 years

The Moon

The Phases of the Moon

• Phases- the different shapes the moon seems to have in the sky
• It takes about 1 month for the moon to revolve around Earth and to rotate once, so the same side of the moon is always facing Earth.

Moon Phases in Order

1. New Moon- you can't see the moon because the Sun is shining on the other side
2. Waxing Crescent: very small part of the right side is lit
3. First Quarter: the right half of the lighted side can be seen
4. Waxing Gibbous: all but a little bit of the left side can be seen
5. Full Moon: The entire lighted side can be seen
6. Waning Gibbous: all but a little bit of the right side can be seen
7. Third (Last) Quarter: the left half of the lighted side can be seen
8. Waning Crescent: very small part of the left side is lit

Waxing Phases are getting MORE light (Wax on)

Waning Phases are LOSING light  (Waning off)

Eclipses:

There are times where the Earth and the Moon may cast shadows on each other and these are called eclipses.

Lunar Eclipse: happens when Earth’s shadow falls on the moon; the moon appears red during a full lunar eclipse.

Solar Eclipse: happens when the moon’s shadow falls on Earth; this hides some to almost all of the sun from view

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Moon Project: 

Directions:

1. Create a poster of the 8 (eight) moon phases.
2. Label each phase.
3. Title your poster.
4. Be creative while creating the poster.
5. Write 3 (three) facts about the moon and the moon phases.

This project is due on Friday, March 24, 2017.

Quick Reminders

  Tomorrow will be our test on Physical and Chemical change. A study guide for this was sent home today, but if your child is absent or misplaced their guide I will have it linked below.

  The 3rd 9 weeks math study guide was sent home today. The test will be next week on Wednesday. We will be going over a review packet on Monday and Tuesday, so please help us to get all of the students prepared for these tests!

  The 3rd 9 weeks science study guide will be sent home tomorrow as we did not want it to get confused with the guide for tomorrow's test. The science 9 weeks test will be next Friday and will be reviewing on the days prior.

  Ms. Mason's and Ms. Smith's class will be opening the class store where students can buy prizes using their classroom behavior money. Donations would be greatly appreciated as the students have been working very hard to earn their money. Students may also earn some extra classroom bucks by donating these much needed classroom supplies: paper towels, Clorox wipes, and Expo Spray.

  Thank you and have a wonderful afternoon!!

--- Ms. Mason

Click Here for Physical and Chemical Change Study Guide